3D Hepatocyte Spheroids for Long-Term Toxicity Models

Long-term hepatotoxicity studies ask a different question from short metabolic incubations: can an in vitro liver model remain sufficiently liver-like while exposure and cellular responses evolve over time? For this type of study design, maintaining hepatocyte viability is only part of the challenge. Researchers also need a culture format that preserves a physiologically relevant phenotype […]
ASGPR-Qualified Hepatocytes for GalNAc Research

GalNAc-targeted oligonucleotide research depends on a liver-cell model that reflects the receptor context used for hepatocyte-directed delivery. N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) conjugates bind the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), and GalNAc is described as a highly specific ligand for ASGPR. The receptor is predominantly expressed on the surface of hepatocytes, making receptor-related characterization directly relevant when an in vitro […]